Best Schools for Children with Aspergers Syndrome

In recent years, more and more children have been diagnosed with autism or autistic spectrum disorders, including high-functioning autism or Aspergers Syndrome. Students who are non-verbal generally need special-education settings, but when it comes to educating those students who are high functioning yet still on the autistic spectrum, it can often be harder to find the appropriate learning environment due to their specific needs both in and out of the classroom. How Aspergers Students Learn Students with Aspergers or high-functioning autism may seem gifted in certain areas, and many of these children are quite bright. By definition, they have above-average intelligence, and they may also show talents such as a well-developed vocabulary or the ability to do math. Aspergers kids often also have an area of great interest, which may be in a restricted area, such as subway cars or certain kinds of animals. However, they may need a great deal of structure and routine, and they may react negatively to changes in schedules. They tend to have trouble making transitions, and they may need advanced warning when their schedules are going to change, as change can be a trigger that negatively impacts their abilities to cope with a situation. They may also have sensory issues that make them sensitive to loud noises or to smells or textures. Finally, many students with Aspergers have difficulty communicating about their wants and needs. Even though their vocabularies may be sophisticat ed, they may struggle with the practical aspects of language. The Accommodations Aspergers Students Need While Aspergers students are often bright, they may need accommodations or changes in their curriculum or classroom, including changes that are reflected in their Individual Education Plan, or IEP. While public schools are required to grant students with learning issues or other disabilities accommodations, private and parochial schools that do not receive public funding are not required to grant students these accommodations. However, with the proper documentation, including a professional evaluation, private schools may often grant students certain accommodations that can help these students handle the curriculum. Aspergers students may require accommodations such as speech and language therapy to improve their ability to communicate and to help them understand when to use pragmatic expressions such as how are you? They may also need occupational therapy for autism, which helps them make sense of the information coming in through their senses and integrate it. Occupational and speech and language therapists can also help students with Aspergers play better with other kids and understand how to navigate the classroom. In addition, students with Aspergers may benefit from counseling to help them process their emotions. Best Placement for Students with Aspergers Aspergers students can thrive in a range of schools, and to determine the best school you may need the assistance of an educational consultant who has experience working with students with special needs, including Aspergers. Some students may do well in a mainstream private or public school setting, with additional services such as counseling or occupational or speech and language therapy provided in school or outside of school. Other students may benefit from placement in a special education school. There are schools designed to meet the needs of students with autistic spectrum disorder; some special-education schools are for lower-functioning kids, while others are for higher-functioning kids. Placing a higher-functioning child with Aspergers requires parents to visit the school to make sure that the school can offer the right academic program. Often, special-education schools are so small that they can offer individualized instruction to meet the needs of a child with Aspergers. In other words, these types of schools can offer a student a higher-level class in an area in which he or she excels, such as math, while still providing other services the child requires, such as speech and language therapy, occupational therapy, counseling, and social skills training to help students improve their ability to interact with other children and teachers. With these types of services, students with Aspergers and other forms of autistic spectrum disorders can often be very successful in school.

The Six Political Functions of Media Essay - 956 Words

Media plays a crucial role in the dissemination of information from the power-elites to the masses in the United States. Americans today consume news information largely through the use of television, and to a lesser extent newspapers and radio. Those who control the information presented in these mediums enjoy a wealth of influence in relation to the political and social values of ordinary Americans. Elites within the industry accomplish their mission of political and social influence by utilizing the six political functions of mass media; news making, interpretation, socialization, persuasion, agenda setting and framing. â€Å"News making is deciding what and who are newsworthy and allocating precious television time and newspaper space†¦show more content†¦The decision-makers in the media use interpretation to â€Å"provide the masses with explanations and meanings for events and personalities.† (Dye Zeigler, p. 127) Interpretation allows the media to focus on the portion of a story that they find most important, often leaving out other details they find unnecessary or damaging to their message. While watching CNN, a network most Americans would agree is leans left, one would expect to see President Obama shown in a favorable light. A headline on CNN may read; â€Å"Obama Administration Takes Steps Forward on Iraq War.† This headline would be used to make it seem as though President Obama and his administration are making progress in Iraq. At the same time right leaning Fox News might run the headline; â€Å"Obama Failing In Iraq.† A headline such as this is chosen to make Obama look as though he doesnt have the leadership ability to serve as the Commander in Chief. The decision makers in media know who their audience is and will interpret news stories to fit their viewers political affiliations. Elites express their â€Å"preferred political norms and values† with the utilization of socialization in mass media. (127) Media is able to introduce new ideas and attitudes to the masses in a quick and efficient manner. A great example of media socialization in America is the overall attitude towards gays. Thirty years ago being gay was mostly kept secret and hardly spoken of in the media. As time went on more andShow MoreRelated Democracy and Capitalism Essay1719 Words   |  7 Pagesdemocracy. Can we honestly say that the citizens of the United States hold the power when we consider the actual state of the political system? Upon closer examination, it appears that the majority of decisions made in this country are based in the interest of capitalism. From corporate funding for political candidates to the monopoly of ourinformation systems, the current political system in America is deeply rooted in capitalism which has taken power away from the people. Private ownershipRead MoreGreed and Mass Media1197 Words   |  5 PagesIn today’s society, more people use mass media sources such as Facebook, Twitter, (Internet users—21%) and major news corporations like Fox, CBS, and NBC, etc. (Television viewers—55%) for their information on politics and government (Saad). People have this information twenty-four hours a day, right at their fingertips. While these are quick and seemingly easy sources, they are not always the best choices because media companies are not always giving out information with the public’s best interestRead MoreSocial Media Public Sphere1164 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Networks and Public Service Media† (2011) examines reasons that hinder social networks from becoming a seamless public sphere, and why Public Service Broadcasting should change over to Public Service Media. Social Networks Summary Iosifidis starts the article by discussing in detail his first topic- social networks as a new public sphere. His main argument is that while social media spaces create new public spheres of both â€Å"democratizing and empowering functions† (2011), the Internet is alsoRead MoreThe On The Wall, Who s The Fairest Of Them All?1407 Words   |  6 Pagesmirror on the wall, who’s the fairest of them all? Is it CBS or ABC? CNN or FOX News? Liberal bias is undoubtably an orthodox notion among consumers of mainstream broadcast journalism. For decades, Republicans have repeated a mantra alleging that the media as a whole are biased against their party and their politicians. However, with the rise of conservative talk radio and TV programming, democrats have somewhat embraced this â€Å"bias† thus, digging a deeper void between politically active audiences. ThisRead MoreOrganizational Environment: A Human Resource Management Perspective1676 Words   |  7 Pagesaffects t he functions of human resource management. The paper will include a case study of General Electric (GE) which faced a dilemma related to its environment and human resource management practices. Organizational Environment and Human Resource Management Before going into the details of connection between organizational environment and human resource management, it is compulsory to explain both the concepts. Human resource management is known as a vast field whose major function is gettingRead MorePolitical Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll1747 Words   |  7 PagesMena Soliman Prof. Loren Eason WR 39C 11 November 2015 Political Polarization Vs Deliberative Poll It is not a coincidence that the increased availability of news sources has been accompanied by increasing political polarization. Over time, polarization appears to have spread to the level of mass public opinion (Abramowitz Saunders, 2006; Jacobson, 2006; Abrams, Pope, 2005). For instance, in U.S. politics, Democrats’ and Republicans’ negative evaluations of a president of the other party haveRead MoreThe Telecommunications Act Of 19961069 Words   |  5 Pagesstations. The Act will prevent a single broadcast group owner from dominating the national media market (The American Presidency Project, 2016).† The problem with this statement is that in today’s society this is not true. Currently, 90 percent of the media is owned by just six companies: Viacom, News Corporation, CBS, Comcast, Disney, and Time Warner (Corcoran, 2016). These six companies shape global political views and cover Presidential elections in America. ATT whom which currently owns DirectvRead MoreThe Most Scholar Among Us1549 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitions. When the author describes the goals, values, and criteria he gives a very well illustration and separations of what is needed for his overall goals. For example when the author writes about effectiveness being the ability of government to function, to make and carry out policies to solve the countries problems with reasonable dispatch and success. The author has grasped the attention of the reader with his effectiveness to describe given sceneries of failed government who have yet to put inRead MoreMarketing Micro and Macro Environmental Factors1669 Words   |  7 Pagesand affect its performance and strategies.The macro environment is typically segmented for the reasons of analysis. This analysis, commonly referred to as a PESTLE analysis, allows researchers to look at the main six environmental factors that affect a business. These factors are political, economical, technological, environmental, legal and social. Each of these factors indirectly affects the company but the company cannot control them. Instead the company is required to adapt to these factors inRead MoreCuba And Its Effects On America969 Words   |  4 PagesOn April 11th, 2015, Raul Castro and President Barack Obama met in Panama to discuss opening the relationship between Cuba and the United States (Davis and Archilbold). Thepurpose of Cuba and the United States lifting the embargo is, to provide political, and economic opportunity for both the United States and Cuba (Mallory). As a result, Americans are allowed to come to Cuba without law constrictions. The transformation from a controlled society to a slightly opened society has lead to conflict

Cutting Weight in Combat Sports free essay sample

Most of these examples, however, tend to focus on a select few professional sports like hockey, football, basketball and amateur sports like figure skating and track and field. Many other sports, are sometimes recognized as being an elite level, but are not nearly as understood because they do not get the exposure from the media, that more ‘popular’ sports do. A lot of combat sports, including wrestling, fall in to this category. Wrestling gets a limited media exposure compared to more popular sports, and as a result, is not well understood. For example, at the Beijing Olympic Games in 2008, Canada earned its first gold medal by wrestler Carol Hyun at weight 49 kg. Yet wrestling was generally not covered extensively over most television networks, (Yardly, 2008). Because combat sports aren’t generally media-popular sports, they are often not understood, which leads to some misconceptions. For instance, they are viewed as more violent compared to other contact sports such as hockey or football, or that it requires less training, (Bina, 2011). However, one of the biggest misconceptions, and the one I am choosing to focus on is that cutting weight, in a sport such as wrestling, is an unhealthy component of the sport with detrimental consequences. That’s not to say that there aren’t extreme examples of dangerous and reckless weight cutting with dire consequences. However weight cutting, when monitored and executed properly, is just another example of hard work and sacrifices that must be made within the sport. Cutting Weight in General Most combat sports are divided into weight classes. This gives athletes the advantage of competing against someone who is relatively their own size. Rather than having a 190 pound athlete compete against a 130 pound athlete. The competitors attend a weigh- in session in which the athletes are weighed and are grouped in to the listed weight class. This is where the concept of cutting weight comes in. Instead of wrestling someone your own size, why not lose weight and wrestle somebody who is smaller? This thought process has become very popular in recent years with wrestlers, especially in North America. Cutting weight is known as the process of losing a lot of weight in a short amount of time. If it is only a few pounds, losing the weight is fairly easy, but if the athlete is trying to drop multiple weight classes in a few days that is when issues arise. Unfortunately, the small amount of attention from the media that wrestling receives is mainly focused on the most extreme cases and negative cases, where athletes refuse liquids for hours, food for days and wear multiple layers of clothing to sweat out the weight. In some cases athletes are dressed in sweat suits and sit in steam rooms at ridiculously high temperatures in attempts to lose the weight. The media has brought the attention to the deaths and the injuries instead of focusing more on the good of the sport. When the process of cutting weight is only viewed in such a negative way, it’s easy to assume that it can be very detrimental to anyone’s body. Effects of Extreme Weight Cuts These extreme cases that the media has focused on are, of course, very unfortunate. These cuts have very harmful effects on the body. First of all, there is the obvious fact that the body is being dehydrated. Dehydration alone, causes the body to be tired and sleepy, causes the body to have a ard time concentrating and can be easily stressed, (Matheney, 2010). An athlete is also more prone to being injured when they are dehydrated, (Matheney, 2010). Dehydration causes the organs in the body to work harder to continue their bodily functions. Examples of this are the heart and the kidneys. The heart pumps blood all over the body after it has been oxygenized. Without the necessary amou nt of water in the body, the heart has to pump stronger and more often, causing it to be over worked. The kidneys filter waste products from the blood stream and without water it cannot filter properly. As a result, dehydration can cause kidney and heart failure. There are also reports of harming the liver during the process of cutting weight, (McAllister,2011). Aside from the physical effects, there are some mental effects on the body as well. Refusing foods and liquids days before a weigh in can increase an athlete’s risk of an eating disorder. Although, it is not necessarily because of the media and pressures to look a certain way, it is caused by the pressures of the team, coaches and themselves to weigh a certain weight. There is also the possibility of hormone imbalances which cause mood swings and depression in athletes, (Matheny, 2010). Effects on Growth and Development Younger, maturing athletes who cut large amounts of weight are more likely to experience hormone imbalances, which is caused by under nutrition. As a result the body’s growth hormone gets altered, which may cause permanent growth impairment if it is repeated over many seasons of wrestling, (Cochan, 2011. ) Any dietary restrictions in children who compete can also be harmful. Children, especially those who compete in intense levels of physical activity need a variety of nutrients. Since they are still growing and developing, many fats and carbohydrates are needed to keep the body fueled. If not, dietary restrictions may also reduce protein nutrition and muscular performance, (Health Canada, 2011). Proper Techniques Although cutting weight will never be considered something extremely healthy, there are methods of cutting weight that do less harm to the body. People can cut weight properly over a long period of time through dieting and water manipulation. A simple low carb diet can help anybody two to three pounds per week. As long as the diet is still feeding the body the necessary nutrients, like water, only a small and necessary amount carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals, it will still have enough energy to exercise intensely and slowly lose weight, (Landry, 2009). For example, after an intense workout or practice, eating a fruit would benefit the body. The simple sugars are carbohydrates that help replenish muscles after being worked very hard. This can be consumed instead of a calorie-high and carb-loaded protein drink. Another way losing weight that is less harmful to the body is known as water manipulation. Athletes are able to â€Å"trick† their body into thinking that it is consuming more water, then it actually is. For example, in the week leading up to the weigh in, for two days an athlete will drink eight litres of water. He or she will let the body adjust to this enormous amount of water being consumed. Naturally, the body will rid the excess water. After the two days, he or she will cut down to four litres, which is still a large amount. The body is still taking in more water than necessary, and is still ridding a large amount. This can help an athlete lose from 5-7 pounds in the days leading up to a weigh in. Effects on Performance After being dehydrated for an extended period of time, the body takes a prolonged time to rehydrate. According to The Wrestler Diet, by Roger Landry and others, the body intakes â€Å"only about two pints [of water] per hour, and takes up to 48 hours for the water balance tissue in your muscles to be restored,†. Different bodies, however, react differently. Athletes who have been dieting responsibly and are used to competing may be more familiar with restoring their bodies before a tournament. Ioannis Barbas did a study on twelve Greco – Roman wrestlers and how they recovered from the average weight cutting process during the tournament. Through his study he discovered a number of things like which matches in the day were the hardest for most athletes – that being the fourth match- , when the athletes found themselves most tired and so on. He did this by recording performance measurements, muscle damage assessments, and blood sampling before and after every match. He also found that these wrestlers were able to overcome weight loss routines before tournaments and preform very well and up to their usual abilities. Another factor that may affect the performances of combat sport competitors may be improper diets. Other professional and amateur sports that do not focus on weight have the advantage of consuming many high calorie and high carb foods that would fuel the body with necessary nutrients during their competition. Meanwhile, athlete who are concerned about their weight are restricting these types of foods so he or she can make the desired weight class. In other words, these athletes are not getting proper nutrients, which may affect the athlete’s performance, (Smith). However, if the athlete loses the weight responsibly and avoids dehydration as much as possible, the recovery should be maximal. If an athlete has been dehydrated for a short period of time, and rehydrates with water and electrolytes after the weigh in the negative effects should be minimal, (Barbas, 2010). Average Cuts The average amount of weight that is cut by athletes strongly depends on the sport, and the level of competition. For example, professional UFC fighters are going to cut more than a rookie high school wrestler. Professional UFC fighters are known to cut anywhere from 20 to 45 pounds, (Wong, 2010). This is an extremely large amount, but most of it is done over a long period of time and carefully, considering this is what they do as a profession. High school and university level wrestlers could drop a simple five pounds to 15 pounds over time, (McAllister, 2011). Prevention of Weight Cutting With the number of deaths and injuries that have occurred from athletes cutting weight, there had to be changes made. The consequences of cutting weight are very extreme, yet many athletes continue to do so in a very reckless way. In the United States, collegiate wrestling competitions have changed the weigh in date from the evening before the competition, to the day of the competition. This helps reduce the chance of athletes cutting weight by giving them less time to recover after dehydration and starvation. The less time to recover, the less likely the athlete will perform well, and therefore an athlete is less likely to cut. The NCAA has also recently taken many steps to reduce the chances of athletes cutting weight. They have banned competitors of practicing in a room that is hotter than 80 degrees Fahrenheit, self – induced vomiting, and extensive fluid and/or food restrictions, (Loma, 2010). Another common restriction that has been made is the banning of sauna suits. This is a decent compromise to athletes because the act of weight cutting can still be done, but in a much less dangerous way. Sauna suits are very dangerous and can easily overheat an athlete. Conclusion Cutting weight is an unhealthy part of combat sports. Nonetheless, it is a part of the sport. Unfortunately, the small amount of attention the media gives to these combat sports, such as wrestling, tend to be more negative and focused on extreme cases of athletes cutting large amounts of weight. As a result of the lack of attention, the sports are not thoroughly understood, particularly the concept of cutting weight. Cutting weight does have detrimental effects on the body, especially young, growing children. But if it is executed properly, then the negative effects are negligible. If athletes do monitor their weight cutting process over time and very carefully, they will be able to compete near their fullest potential. If cutting weight, and other misconceptions about combat sports had more exposure, it would be understood that cutting weight is just another part of the sport that demonstrates hard work and extreme sacrifices. Works Cited Barbas, I. , (Nov 27th, 2010). , Physiological and performance adaptations of elite Greco-Roman wrestlers during a one-day tournament. , Retrieved from http://www. fila-official. com/images/FILA/documents/stages/2010/Barbas_physiological_performance_adaptations_gr. pdf on Feb 20th, 2012. Bina, A. , (Feb 2011). , Why is College Wrestling Unpopular? Retrieve from

Supply Chain Principles

Introduction The supply chain of every organization has an impact on the overall success of the organization. The efficiency of the supply chain is dependent on the structure of the supply chain and the nature of the products that are involved. The technology adopted also has an impact on the overall optimization of the business organization’s revenue.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Supply Chain Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This report reviews the article Leagility: integrating †¦ written in 1999 by Naylor, Naim and Berry. The article discusses the application of leanness and agility in the supply chain while making reference to the similarities and the differences. It also highlights the different types of structures of supply chain. This paper will also use DHL Company as a case study on how the RFID technology can improve a company’s supply chain performance and mitigate the bull-whip effect. This will be based on the article by Attaran (2007) RFID: an enabler of supply chain operations. DHL Company has adopted the RFID technology to provide information to its customers. This paper also discusses how the potential implementation of RFID technologies can complement other existing relevant technologies and concepts. Critique of the article by Naylor Naylor, Naim and Berry (1999, p 108) defines supply chain as the network that involves producing, supplying and distribution of the products to the consumers with a feedback of information. A successful supply chain is characterized by an excellent exchange of materials and revenue for the material. They also define the term agility as the use of available information concerning the marketplace to maximize on profits while paying attention to market trends. They also describe the word lean as an expansion to the value stream to save on time, resources and a means to arrive at targets. Understanding the attrib utes of the marketplace have an impact on the supply chain as pointed out by Naylor et al (1999, p. 109). The attributes may be seen in terms of equal importance, similar importance or different importance. Using the term lean and agile they describe the attributes.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The attribute of equal importance applies to both lean together with agile. They are relevant in the manufacturing of the products because they influence the decision made by the supply chain. They can be implemented to maximize on the revenue. The coordination of the supply chain to availing the product to the consumer should be emphasized as revealed by Naylor et al (1999, p. 109). The consumers demand should be adopted through integrated efforts to realize the market demands. Integration encourages the members of a supply chain to share information and overcome barriers that ma y be a hindrance to distribution of material resources and enable making more revenue. Waddington (2008, p. 18) emphasizes that adopting leanness and agility will enable the supply chain to perform the functions assigned efficiently and effectively. This is because both require the constant review of information about customer demand and the market. They allow for adoption of decisions made from the changing environment. Again the terms lean together with agile are used by Naylor et al (1999, p. 110). Lean is applied in the procedure of manufacturing. In the procedures the producers ensures that they utilize the least requirements needed to get a product. They eliminate the procedures that hardly add value. While doing so they ensure that the end product is not rejected by the consumer. The manufacturer may also apply the agile principle. The challenge is to be able to keep up with the changes in the market in terms of stock so that the customers acquire the product. Some processes add no value and cannot be abandoned because they are necessary. The relatively accurate supply of products required may be arrived at using the available information making it possible to cut down on the unwanted, nonprofit making processes. The cost of the product is therefore trimmed down (Naylor et al 1999, p. 110). Naylor et al (1999, p. 109) argues that the information about the consumer must be given attention. The consumer is at the end of the supply chain. Before determining the supply chain, the kind of market that the products end up must be considered. This implies that the supply chain may consider the demand before supplying the products to consumers.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Supply Chain Principles specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Waddington (2008, 18) indicates that the other factors other than the customer demand may also influence the supply chain. These include the availability of the raw materials and the beliefs of the customers. The information therefore assists in making the accurate product that the customer needs The benefits of integration and coordination include among others reduction in waste. Resources and materials wasted as a result of consequences of oversupply are minimized. Consequently time is also saved and the overall performance becomes efficient. For this reason the supply chain for a particular market should be designed for the specific market. Thus different supply chains may be adopted for different markets (Naylor et al 1999, p. 110).  The companies that adopt the principle of lean and agile in its operations have the advantage of predicting the possible changes that may be inevitable in the market. Some of the changes are caused by technology which is costly and may require retraining manpower before implementing. Companies with effective implementation of leanness and agility will have a smooth transaction in the application of new te chnology (Waddington 2008, p. 18).  Naylor et al (1999, p. 111) notes that to be effective the supply chain would depend on the coordination and integration created to be able to make necessary changes in a short time. For instance, there can emerge a demand for a wide range of products. The changes will have effect from the production to the presentation of the end product to the consumer. Agility lays emphasis on the service that lead to differentiation. Therefore, the supply chain must have the flexibility to advocate for changes.  Agility in production may be overwhelmed by the instability in demand that may be caused by the market. Although the instability is unpleasant, Naylor et al (1999, p. 111) indicate that the supply chain can be managed to maximize on the revenue by using the available opportunities. Information from the market must be constantly consulted since the demand may be varying from time to time. Naylor et al (1999, p. 112) also note that lean manufacturing differ with agility. Leanness relies on the information obtained to plan assuming the market is stable. If the production of a product is implemented using the lean manufacturing principle, it is likely that some stocks will remain unsold. This is due to the fact that the demand of the market will have shifted.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Different techniques can be applied in the adoption of lean manufacturing as well as agile manufacturing. Depending on the nature of market and the nature of demand adjustments that involve integrating the relevant in the implementation of lean and agile to get maximum benefit. The process will however require constant review of information and the supply chain (Waddington 2008, p. 19). The structure of a supply chain is dependent on the market. There are various structures of supply chain that can be adopted. The first is â€Å"buy- to- order† (Naylor et al 1999, p. 113). This is best suited for highly variable products. The consumers can be assured of a variety of products that emanate from different raw materials. The supply chain can manipulate the availability of the product by holding back a particular line of product to create a shortage. This can be beneficial because the production is minimal and the losses that may be realized if a product fails to sell are minimal. This is because there is over supply. This structure may have limited advantage of changing products due to changes in the market.  The second structure is â€Å"make- to- order† as indicated by Naylor et al (1999, p. 113). The same raw material is used to make a product. Therefore it is possible to adopt to change in the market in different geographical areas. This structure makes it possible to produce according to the demands of consumers with little time wasted in the production. In this structure the challenge is to meet the demand of diverse products and the consumption rates of the product. The absence of the raw material may paralyze the supply chain.  The third structure is â€Å"assemble to order† chain in accordance with Naylor et al (1999, p. 113). Customization of products is rescheduled to a later date. This allows for adjustments in later stage. The chain is important in maintaining a supply. This structure is also suitable in supplying different ge ographical areas. The product is usually standard to meet the demand of the market.  Another structure is the electronic chain of supply. It is very effective and efficient in a chain that characterized by complexity. The supply chain may involve a wide range of products to multiple locations and have diverse members (Naylor et al 1999, p. 116).  Undertakings that may not be of value to the supply chain should be eliminated. Naylor et al (1999, p. 110) indicates that a lot of time and resources as well as other resources may be wasted in the supply chain despite them not adding value. For this reason they suggest that time compression be adopted in the manufacturing stage. Thus time can be saved in the manufacturing and time can be saved when the information on the market is acquired. RFID technology The Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that has been used in the supply chain to identify products as pointed out by Attaran (2007, p. 249). The product is given an identification tag that is used to count, to identify the price and can be kept by the consumer for use when they want to claim a warrant service. In line with DHL-usa.com (2011) the DHL Company uses RFID technology in their business. In their parcel delivery, they attach a tracking device on the parcel or shipment. The customer is given a number that they can use to track the progress of the parcel over the internet. This has encouraged customers to use the services offered by the DHL Company. According to Attaran (2007, p. 249) using the technology will enable the supply chain to save on time. The tags can be used to count the items when they are in packet. Therefore, the manual labor, time and cost that would have been incurred are drastically reduced. It also improve inventory visibility and management that benefits all the players in the supply chain network like retailers, distributers, suppliers and others. This benefits could be as depicted in the table below Potential R FID benefits from a supply chain entity perspective (adapted from e-force presentation: â€Å"RFID Solution Lifecycle Management†, https://e-force.com/) Also, RFID avails numerous amount of information about the product. It is possible to share a lot of information about the product with the customer. The information can be used to make decisions on the best product that a particular customer requires (Attaran 2007, p. 251). This is similar to what happens in the DHL Company. The tracker attached to the shipment or parcel gives information on the location and details about the status. Moreover the information is usually in real time, giving it an advantage. More over a lot of details are also offered. The customer can track their shipment or parcel using the receipt number of their pay bill, they can also use the tracking number, and they can use the place of shipment or the destination of the shipment to track. Consequently there is no need to go through the customer service to obtain the whereabouts of the shipment (DHL-usa.com2011).  The RFID technology causes the executive management in the supply chain to increase their involvement. For this reason they can be able to get first hand information within a short span of time. Consequently, they can make informed decisions that are applicable. The performance becomes more efficient with the top management getting involved more often (Attaran 2007, p. 251).  Excellent technology providers are likely to initiate partnership when the RFID technology is adopted. In the long run, the services will become consistent and therefore reliable. Customers as a result may want to get such products that have a warrant attached a RFID tag. The use of RFID technology unlike the use of a bar code and a scanner is easier to use. Moreover, the risk of damages and loss of the bar code is eliminated. Consequently, the labor that may be involved in scanning the entire total number of products is abandoned. This is becau se RFID technology reduces the time spend on counting by identifying and doing the sum of the number of products their prices and obtains more information about the products. Attaran (2007, p. 251) mentions that the integration of RFID technology in the existing information technology structure leads to improved performance. The process of uploading data in the information technology system is integrated with that of the information technology making the process mush simpler. The obtained information can be manipulated so as to be able to track down the supply chain processes. When the supply chain is efficient customers are likely to buy the products that are constantly available in market.  The DHL Company in providing their tracking services integrates with other applications to make the services available. The tracking is available online through their website. It is also available in the mobile phones application. They offer assistance to the customers by offering HTML codes to make the access possible. This encourages more customers to use the services and enable them sustain customers demands (DHL-usa.com 2011).  Besides making the process of uploading information into the system easy and fast, the RFID technology integrates data received into the organizational data bank. The data bank can be used to make predictions on the trends of the supply chain and be used to make future plans. The RFID technology improves the supply chain by making it possible to plan for the future.  In keeping with Attaran (2007, p. 252) the data received from the RFID technology may reveal undesirable elements of the supply chain. They may reveal which products have reduced consumption and information that would lead to quick modification in the supply chain. The RFID technology influences the structure of supply chain that is most efficient for a particular market.  The RFID technology can allow sharing of information. The technology stores a lot of information that is associated with each stage in the supply chain. The information enables the planers to detect any abnormalities in the supply chain. This is because the information aids in the coordination within the organization in every stage of the supply chain. The DHL Company has expanded in their business. Customers prefer using the shipment because of the contact they keep with the progress of their shipment or parcels. The customers get frequent notifications about the progress even up to eighteen times. The company makes it possible to get a lot of information for the lowest rates. The details about the total number of shipment are easily obtained. In cases of emergency, it is possible to respond quickly because the trackers provide details in real time. Besides making it possible to track the shipment or parcel, DHL Company offers security to the information that is obtained through the tracking system. The company allows the customers the permission to get information. They offer cons ent to customers only so that they have access to the tracking information. They give a code to the clients (DHL-usa.com 2011).   Potential implementation of RFID technologies The RFID technology and the internet have partnered as revealed in the DHL-usa.com (2011, p. 1). The RFID technology tracks the customer’s parcels and shipments and can be revealed in the internet. In their website the DHL Company has a slot where the customer can type the secret code they are given by the company to get information on their parcel or shipment. The information is sent to the website and the customer’s needs for information are met.  RFID technology can be used to complement existing technology and concepts. RFID technology provides huge amounts of data that are challenging to manage after a period of time. The existing information technology system integrates with the Enterprise Resource Planning software has been used to make the data manageable. The software aids in making the data useful by proving a means to analyze the data (Attaran 2007, p. 254).  Incorporating the management of the supply chain with the RFID technology is relevant. Attaran (2007, p. 254) mentions that this is because the existing management cannot be faced off. Indeed the RFID technology requires support because it has its own shortcomings that cannot allow complete replacement. Human resources are needed to perform other task. Besides the management of supply chain the management of customers is also significant in the incorporation. Their input remains significant as they are keen to observe and get feedback from the customers face to face. HTML application and RFID technology have partnered to make it possible for customers to track as provided by the DHL Company. The clients can install a direct link to the DHL company website on the tracking page in their applications. The clients have access to the page without any hindrances. The availability of information on- line make s it possible for the customers to get access to the information irrespective of their location. The company receives fewer calls from customers. Consequently, the company as a result has a low number of customer services.  Internet and RFID technology reinforce each other. Customers can use the number provided by the DHL Company to get information via email. More over clients can reply to the company for any queries by sending and receiving emails (DHL-usa.com 2011). The RFID technology complements the barcode system. The bar code system is still relevant in the market because it stores a substantial amount of data that is useful. On the other hand the RFID technology requires large data storage to store cumulative information generated from tracking. Because of the nature of the large amounts the barcode is still, being used. This is because the company will incur large amounts of cost purchasing storage for the cumulative data that is generated. The businesses adopt the barcode for individual products while the entire packet of good is given the RFID technology tag (Attaran 2007, p. 250).  RFID technology has also complemented the Collaborative Planning Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) in terms of planning. The Decision Makers (2011, p. 1) argues that from the massive amount of data obtained CPRF which is largely involved in planning of business supply chain is significantly impacted by the RFID technology. The information retrieved from the RFID technology gives details on the demand from the customers, the environment of the market and can help in the prediction of future business. What is more, it is possible to detect any change in the market. Accordingly, the information obtained influences decision making in the supply chain. Among the decision made communication is important and this information can be availed and distributed within a few seconds to the manufacturers, distributors, retailers and customers. RFID technology has the potential of complementing e– commerce. With the ability to obtain the massive data through tracking the information can be obtained to inform decisions made in the e-commerce. Products that are being manufactured can be made such that they meet the needs of the customers and inform the distributers to be able to optimize on the goals of business organizations. The significance of collaborating the other technologies and concepts is to be able to share and utilize the available information to maximize on the profits. Collaboration allows the RFID technology to be able to overcome the demerits that are associated with the massive amounts of data that accumulate from the tracking. Furthermore the integration allows quick response to emerging problems that are evident in the market. The operation within the supply chain benefits from the coordination and becomes more efficient and effective. Customer satisfaction increases with the efficiency and more sales are realized. Conclusion The use of agile and lean principles can be applied in a company to maximize on the benefits. Therefore information and the understanding of the market are important and are heavily relied on. The two principles are affected by the instability in the market due to changes in demand and unpredictable market environment. For this reason the supply chain must be quick to adapt to changes in the market (Naylor et al 1999, p 108). There are also different structures of supply chain that include â€Å"buy- to- order,† â€Å"make- to- order,† â€Å"assemble to order† and the electronic chain of supply. The electronic chain of supply is very effective and superior to the others because it can handle complex and massive information. The DHL Company in its supply chain has adopted the use of RFID and has realized increased sales. This is due to the fact that the customers have access to the shipments or parcels they send. The number of clients using the technology has increased b ecause of the availability of tracking services. The RFID technology collect a lot of information, is efficient and provides real time tracking. RFID technology has the potential of complementing other technologies and concepts to become effective. The internet and the use of HTML are examples of collaborations. The supply chain customer management and the supply management have also collaborated. E-commerce, CPFR and the barcode system have also potential of integrating with the RFID technology for realization of goals. The major benefits of collaboration are the sharing of the information and the ability to manage challenges that arise in the course of business. References List Attaran, M., 2007. RFID: an enabler of supply chain operations Supply chain  Management. An international Journal, 12, (4), pp. 249-257. DHL-usa.com., 2011. Tracking solutions. Web. Naylor, J. B., Naim, M., and Berry, D., 1999. Leagility: integrating the  Lean and agile manufacturing paradigms in the to tal supply chain. International journal of production economics, 62, pp. 107-118. The Decision Makers., 2011. Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment. Web. Waddington, T., 2008. Lean agile and Agile Supply Chain Design. Web. This report on Supply Chain Principles was written and submitted by user Alissa P. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.